Beginning of the academic year: Institutional autonomy, although all institutions open at the beginning of September or later in the same month.
Teaching activities and holiday periods: All periods of teaching activity and holiday are fixed by institutions, which however comply with the following calendar: holidays between Christmas and New Year's Day; often one week in February; one or two weeks in April.
Examinations: Examination periods are entirely at the discretion of the managing bodies of institutions.
End of the academic year: No precise date. Institutional autonomy. In practice, the academic year ends after the final examination, in June or at the beginning of July.