There is no central admission system – you apply directly to the university of your choice, usually through its online form.
Deadlines at public universities: 5 September for the winter semester and 5 February for the summer semester. OeAD advises not to wait until the last minute, because checking foreign documents takes time. Programmes with entrance exams, arts universities, FHs and private universities set their own, usually much earlier deadlines – registration for entrance exams can close as much as six months before the semester starts. If you come from outside the EU, apply early anyway: you will need the admission letter to apply for your residence permit (see: Residence and formalities).
For a bachelor's programme you will usually need:
Documents issued outside Austria must be submitted as originals and legalised; if they are not in German or English, you must add a certified translation. Some certificates are only recognised together with additional exams. The university's admissions office will tell you exactly what it accepts.
For a master's programme you need a bachelor's degree in a related field of at least 180 ECTS.
Belgium has no central admission system – you apply directly to the institution, usually through its online form. Each institution sets its own deadlines.
Flanders: for a bachelor's programme you need a secondary school leaving certificate that gives access to higher education in the country where it was issued. Applications usually open in November–December, and checking your documents can take anything from four weeks to several months. You complete your enrolment after arrival, at the institution's office.
French Community: with a school leaving certificate obtained abroad, you first need to get it recognised as equivalent (équivalence) by the Service des équivalences in Brussels. You apply between 15 November and 15 July before the start of your studies (if you receive your certificate after 10 July – by 14 September). The fee is €65–200, depending on the country. You attach a copy of your ID, your certificate and your grades, with a sworn translation into French or English.
Programmes with a limited number of places (e.g. medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine) have separate procedures and deadlines – check them on the institution's website as early as possible.
If you come from outside the EU/EEA, apply early: you will need your admission letter to apply for a long-stay visa, and the visa procedure can take six to eight weeks (see: Residence and formalities). Many institutions have earlier application deadlines for applicants who need a visa.
There is no central system – you apply directly to the institution. You will usually need:
Deadlines are set by each institution. For example, at the Medical University of Sofia, for programmes in English for 2026/27, documents were accepted from 27 July to 31 August 2026, the exam for EU applicants took place on 3 September and results were published on 11 September. Note: the university does not accept documents sent by fax, email or post.
If you come from outside the EU, apply early: you will need your admission to apply for a visa D (see: Residence and formalities).
The admissions office of your chosen institution will tell you how to get your school leaving certificate recognised.
If you are an EU citizen, you apply on the same terms as Croatian students. For undergraduate and integrated programmes taught in Croatian you apply through the central system Postani student! (NISpVU) and can choose up to 10 programmes. Institutions rank applicants by points for their secondary school grades and school leaving exam results.
At the University of Zagreb, applications for 2026/27 were accepted:
You will find the dates for 2027/28 in the calendar on postani-student.hr. EU applicants who passed a secondary school leaving exam in an EU country can submit their result in the first language of that exam instead of Croatian from the Croatian state matura.
If you come from outside the EU, admission conditions may be different – check them with your chosen institution. Apply early: you will need proof of admission to apply for your temporary stay permit (see: Residence and formalities).
For graduate programmes you apply through diplomski.studij.hr or directly to the institution – it depends on the institution. Doctoral programmes are run by the institutions themselves.
For a public university you need a secondary school leaving certificate or an equivalent qualification. Private universities may set additional requirements, depending on the programme and level of study.
At the University of Cyprus, most students are admitted through exams organised by the Cypriot Ministry of Education. International applicants who know Greek can be admitted on the basis of GCE/GCSE results, the International Baccalaureate (IB) or exams organised by the university. Applications are submitted in April every year.
For private universities you apply directly – each sets its own criteria and deadlines.
How a foreign school leaving certificate is assessed depends on the university, so ask the admissions office before you send your documents. If you come from outside the EU, apply early: you need your admission letter to arrange your entry and residence permit, and the residence permit procedure alone takes several months (see: Residence and formalities).
You apply directly to the faculty of your choice, usually through its online application form. For programmes starting in September, applications usually close between February and April. The application fee is usually a few hundred Czech crowns – up to around CZK 1,000.
The faculty may ask for:
Your secondary school leaving certificate may have to be recognised in Czechia (nostrifikace) before you enrol. Certificates from some countries – Poland, for example – are valid directly thanks to equivalence agreements. Even then, the Ministry of Education (MŠMT) recommends attaching an officially certified copy of your certificate with an official translation into Czech. Check the rules for your country on the MŠMT website (see: Useful links).
If you come from outside the EU, apply early: you need the admission letter for your visa application, and the visa procedure can take up to 60 days (see: Residence and formalities).
For bachelor's programmes you apply centrally through optagelse.dk, and each institution then assesses the applicants itself. You can apply for up to 8 programmes at once. After submitting your application, you print and sign the signature page for each programme and send it to the institution.
Places are divided into two quotas:
Deadlines (example: University of Copenhagen, 2026 admission): the portal opens on 1 February. With a school leaving certificate from outside Denmark, you apply by 15 March, 12:00 noon – whether you are applying in kvote 1 or kvote 2. If your grades can be converted to the Danish scale, you are considered in both quotas. The 5 July, 12:00 noon deadline is for applicants with a Danish school leaving certificate in kvote 1; for you it is only the last date to send in outstanding documents, e.g. from supplementary courses. Offers come out on 28 July, and you must accept your place by 2 August.
For a master's programme you apply directly to the university – each one sets its own deadlines.
If you are from outside the EU/EEA and Switzerland, remember that after admission you still need a residence permit, which normally takes about two months to process – so apply early and reply to your offer quickly (see: Residence and formalities).
Most Estonian universities accept applications through the joint platform DreamApply. With one application you can apply for several programmes at several universities. After you submit the form, some universities also ask for a printed copy of the application with certified copies of your documents – it must arrive before the deadline.
The application fee is usually between €0 and €120 and is not refunded, even if you are not admitted.
Each university sets its own deadlines. For example, at the University of Tartu applications for English-taught programmes open on 2 January and close on 15 March (master's), 15 April (bachelor's and medicine) and 15 May (doctoral). Late applications are not considered. Applicants with Estonian qualifications apply through the national SAIS system – at Tartu from 1 February. If you come from outside the EU, apply as early as you can: you will need your admission letter to apply for a visa, and that takes time (see: Residence and formalities).
You usually attach your secondary school leaving certificate (for a master's – your bachelor's diploma), a transcript of records, a copy of your ID document and a language certificate. The programme description tells you exactly what the university requires for documents from your country.
Most programmes admit students through the joint application (yhteishaku) on Studyinfo.fi (Opintopolku in Finnish). With one form you can apply for up to 6 programmes.
Deadlines for studies starting in autumn 2027 (Finnish time):
Some master's programmes run their own admissions. For example, you apply for the University of Helsinki's international master's programmes from 5 to 19 January 2027. For studies starting in January 2027, applications were open from 31 August to 10 September 2026.
Applicants from outside the EU/EEA pay a one-off national application fee of €100. EU/EEA citizens don't pay it. If you need a residence permit, apply for it as soon as you have accepted your study place: you apply before you travel, and you will need your letter of acceptance (see: Residence and formalities).
EU/EEA citizens apply the same way as French students, through the national platforms described below.
First year of a licence – Parcoursup. All applications for the first year of a bachelor's programme go through the national platform Parcoursup. In the 2026 session the dates were:
Check the dates of the 2027 session on the Parcoursup website before it starts. You upload your school leaving certificate, grades and a certificate from your school; you enter your grades in the grading scale of the country where you studied.
Master's – Mon Master. For the first year of a master's programme you apply through Mon Master (more than 3,500 programmes). In 2026 applications were accepted from 17 February to 16 March, the main phase ran from 3 to 16 June and the supplementary phase from 19 June to 19 July. You can submit up to 15 applications for regular programmes and 15 for work-study programmes (alternance).
For the 2nd and 3rd year of a licence and for doctoral studies there is no common procedure – you apply directly to the institution.
Students from outside the EU/EEA who live in one of the 73 countries and territories covered by the Études en France procedure apply through Campus France's online platform, which handles both applications to institutions and the steps leading up to the visa. If you want to start the first year of a licence with a foreign school leaving certificate, you usually submit a preliminary admission request (DAP) – for entry in 2026 the window was 1 October to 15 December 2025. So start about a year in advance.
There is no single admission system in Germany. Depending on the programme and the university, you apply in one of three ways:
Deadlines: often 15 July for the winter semester and 15 January for the summer semester – but each university can set its own. At hochschulstart, the deadline for the 2026/27 winter semester was 31 May 2026 if you got your school leaving certificate before 16 January 2026 (Altabiturienten) and 15 July 2026 if you got it later (Neuabiturienten).
If you come from outside the EU/EEA, apply as early as you can: you will need your admission letter to apply for a student visa, and getting an appointment and a decision takes time (see: Residence and formalities).
Whether your secondary school leaving certificate gives you access to your chosen programme, and which documents you need (translations, certified copies), you can check with the university's admissions office or with uni-assist.
Greek students get into university through national exams (Panelladikes). If you finished secondary school abroad and are not of Greek origin – whether you are an EU citizen or not – you apply in a separate category for foreigners (allodapoi-allogeneis). Your place depends on your school leaving grade average, with no exam.
How it works:
When you enrol, you must show a certificate of Greek (see: Language). If you need a visa, the timeline is tight – contact your university as soon as the results are out to get the acceptance letter you need for the visa application. For a master's degree you apply directly to the programme of your choice.
There are two routes, depending on the language of study:
On fee-paying programmes you usually have to pay all or part of the tuition after admission, before you enrol.
If you come from outside the EU, don't wait for the last deadline: you need your admission letter to apply for a residence permit (see: Residence and formalities).
There is no central admission system – you apply directly to the university, and each one sets its own deadlines and requirements.
Deadlines at the University of Iceland:
Once you are admitted to the University of Iceland, you must pay the registration fee by 4 July. You can still pay late, until 12 August, but with a surcharge of ISK 15,000.
If you come from outside the EEA, the early deadline matters: you will need your admission to apply for a residence permit, and the Directorate of Immigration asks for applications by 1 May for the autumn semester (see: Residence and formalities). The University of Iceland also charges non-EEA applicants a one-off processing fee of ISK 20,000.
Other universities may have different deadlines – check the website of your chosen institution.
For the first year of a bachelor's programme you apply through the CAO (Central Applications Office) – one application for all institutions. The 2026 timetable was:
Check the 2027 dates on cao.ie – they are similar every year. Institutions (e.g. UCD) ask you to send certified copies of your certificates with an English translation within 10 days of applying. Send your final exam results as soon as possible – results that arrive after 1 August may be too late for the first round of offers.
If you are from outside the EU/EEA, Education in Ireland advises you to contact the international office of your chosen institution first – it will tell you how to apply. Do it early: you need a letter of acceptance and proof that you have paid your fees before you can apply for a visa, and a decision can take around 8 weeks (see: Residence and formalities).
For a master's programme you apply directly to the institution.
As an EU citizen, you apply directly to the university of your choice, usually through its online portal, on the same terms as Italian students. The Universitaly pre-enrolment procedure and the visa apply to applicants from outside the EU.
With a secondary school leaving certificate from abroad you will usually need:
If you are from outside the EU and live abroad, you apply to the university and also submit a pre-enrolment request on Universitaly. Once the university has validated it, you can apply for a study visa at the Italian embassy or consulate (see: Residence and formalities). For 2026/27, Italian consulates set 30 November 2026 as the final deadline for visa applications for bachelor's and master's degrees, but universities' own deadlines are often much earlier – start as soon as you can. Note: the 30 November deadline and the B2 language requirement come from consulate pages (e.g. in Buenos Aires and Tunis) – other consulates may add requirements of their own, so check with the Italian consulate responsible for your country before you apply.
Many programmes have a limited number of places (numero programmato) and an entrance test, and each university sets its own deadlines – sometimes several months before the academic year starts. For a master's degree the university checks whether your bachelor's degree meets the programme's requirements.
There is no single system for international applicants – you apply directly to the university, through its online system. Procedures differ, so always read the rules of the university you choose.
Deadlines: for the autumn semester, applications usually run from March to July or August; for the spring semester, in November and December. For example, at the University of Latvia for 2026/27, EU citizens could apply until 16 August 2026, but for state-funded places only until 5 July 2026. If you come from outside the EU, apply early: after admission you still need a residence permit, and the university has to start the process (see: Residence and formalities).
The application fee at the University of Latvia is €170 and is not refunded. You upload, among other things:
The university then checks your foreign documents. Once you are admitted, you sign a study agreement and – if you have a fee-paying place – pay your tuition.
You apply directly to the university through its online form. If you have never studied at the University of Liechtenstein before, you pay a non-refundable application fee of CHF 100.
Deadlines for EU/EEA and Swiss citizens:
If you need a visa, the deadlines for bachelor's and master's programmes are much earlier: 31 March for the winter semester and 30 September for the summer semester. This leaves time for the visa and the residence permit (see: Residence and formalities).
For a bachelor's programme you need a secondary school leaving certificate that gives access to higher education in the country where it was issued, or an equivalent qualification. You send your certificate, a language certificate if required, a copy of your passport or ID card and a photo. Documents that are not in German or English need a certified translation. If you don't have your school leaving certificate yet, you can send your latest school report – the university will then admit you conditionally.
In Lithuania there are two routes:
LAMA BPO dates in 2026: main-round applications from 1 June to 23 July (until 12:00), offers on 30 July, contracts signed by 1 August. There are two more additional rounds in August.
At Vilnius University, EU citizens applied for fee-paying places on, for example, the International Business bachelor's until 1 July; the application fee is €100. VU also takes applications for state-funded master's places through apply.vu.lt – likewise until 1 July. If you come from outside the EU, apply early: a residence permit can take up to 3 months (see: Residence and formalities).
For LAMA BPO you upload your school leaving certificate, transcript, final exam results and the decision on the recognition of your qualification. Foreign grades are converted to the Lithuanian scale.
You apply directly to the University of Luxembourg through its online platform. You can apply for up to three programmes; the university charges an administrative fee of €100 per application.
Deadlines: for applicants from the EU, EEA and Switzerland, applications for 2026/27 opened on 1 February 2026 and close on different dates depending on the programme. Applicants from outside the EU have earlier deadlines – in 2026 their application period had already closed while it was still open for EU applicants. Plan ahead: after admission you still need a temporary authorisation to stay, which can take up to 60 days (see: Residence and formalities).
For a bachelor's programme you need a secondary school leaving certificate that gives access to higher education in the country where it was issued, and proof that you know all the languages the programme is taught in. For a master's – a bachelor's degree in a related field. The exact requirements for each programme are on its web page under "Admissions".
You apply directly to the institution through its online form. At the University of Malta you choose your programme and then – as an applicant with foreign qualifications – the "Overseas Qualifications" option. Applications for the year starting in October open in November of the previous year.
Deadlines: according to Study in Europe, for programmes starting in October they usually fall in June or July. At the University of Malta the final (late application) deadline for 2026/27 was 15 September 2026 at 14:00. Each programme may, however, have its own deadlines.
With a secondary school leaving certificate from abroad you must meet the requirements of your chosen programme – often passes in specific subjects at the right level. You also need proof of English (see: Language). The programme description gives the exact list of documents.
If you come from outside the EU, apply well before the deadline: you need your letter of acceptance to apply for a study visa, and the visa must be issued before you travel (see: Residence and formalities).
For a master's programme you need a bachelor's degree in a related field.
For almost all programmes you apply through Studielink – the national enrolment portal. Some institutions have their own procedure for international applicants, so check the programme's website.
Bachelor's deadlines:
Institutions may set their own, earlier deadlines – always check them. For master's programmes each programme sets its own rules and deadlines.
After you register in Studielink, the institution will ask for documents: your school leaving certificate with grades and proof of language skills.
If you come from outside the EU/EEA, apply early: your institution applies for your residence permit (and entry visa, if you need one) only after you have been admitted, and many institutions set earlier deadlines for applicants who need a visa.
At UKIM, international students have a separate quota of places, outside the quotas for Macedonian citizens. You submit your documents at the university's Rectorate in Skopje, and you can send questions to foreign.students@ukim.edu.mk.
Deadlines for 2026/27:
For a first-cycle programme you will need:
Nostrification requires translations and certified copies and takes several weeks – the university advises sorting it out in June or July. If you will need a visa or a residence permit, start even earlier (see: Residence and formalities).
Bachelor's programmes taught in Norwegian – you apply centrally through Samordna opptak (the Norwegian Universities and Colleges Admission Service). The portal opens every year on 1 February. The key dates:
Whether your school leaving certificate gives you general admission to higher education in Norway (generell studiekompetanse) you can check on the GSU list published by the Directorate for Higher Education and Skills, HK-dir.
Programmes taught in English, mostly at master's level, admit students directly. Applicants from the EU/EEA usually have a later deadline than others – e.g. at UiT for autumn 2027: from 1 February to 1 March 2027. If you are from outside the EU/EEA, apply much earlier – at UiT by 15 November 2026 – because after admission you still need a study permit (see: Residence and formalities).
There is no central admission system – each university runs its own admissions, usually through its online registration system (often called IRK). You create an account, choose your programmes, upload your documents and pay the application fee.
Universities must publish their admission rules by 30 June of the year before the academic year concerned, so you have more than a year to prepare. Each university sets its own registration dates. According to NAWA, admissions for bachelor's and master's programmes usually open in April or May and can last up to six months.
For a first-cycle or long-cycle programme you need a secondary school leaving certificate that gives access to higher education in the country where it was issued. Certificates issued in EU, OECD and EFTA countries, as well as IB and EB diplomas, are recognised in Poland by law; other certificates usually have to be recognised by a regional education authority (kuratorium) first. If your certificate is not in Polish or English, add a translation.
For a second-cycle programme you need a first-cycle degree; the university sets the criteria (grade average, interview, exam).
Admission results are public. If you are refused, you can appeal to the rector.
If you come from outside the EU, apply as early as you can: you need your admission letter to apply for a visa, and consulate appointments can take a long time (see: Residence and formalities).
Places on bachelor's and integrated master's programmes at public institutions are allocated through the national admission system, the Concurso Nacional de Acesso, run by DGES. EU citizens are not "international students" under Portuguese law – you apply on the same terms as Portuguese students.
With a secondary school leaving certificate from abroad you will need:
Dates for 2026: 1st phase – applications from 20 July to 6 August, results by 23 August at the latest; 2nd phase – from 24 August to 20 September; 3rd phase – 10–12 October.
Students from outside the EU usually count as international students (unless, for example, they have lived legally in Portugal for more than two years without a break). They don't take part in the Concurso Nacional, but apply through the special admission contest for international students (Concurso Especial para Estudantes Internacionais) directly to the university or polytechnic of their choice. Each institution sets its own requirements, deadlines and documents. Apply early: you need the admission letter for your student visa, and the visa procedure can take a few months.
For master's programmes and private institutions you apply directly to the institution.
There is no central system – you apply directly to the institution, usually through its online system. If you are an EU citizen, you apply on the same terms as Romanian students and pay the same fees.
You will need, among other things, proof of citizenship and your secondary school leaving certificate (for a master's – your bachelor's degree). Certificates are recognised by the national centre CNRED: documents from EU countries are recognised automatically, and the procedure takes up to 30 days (longer if extra checks are needed).
If you come from outside the EU, you also apply to the institution, which should give you a preliminary decision within about 15 days. If it is positive, the Ministry of Education issues a Letter of Acceptance – processing can take up to 30 working days. You need this letter to apply for a student visa, so apply as early as you can.
Deadlines are set by each institution. Example – medical programmes in English, admissions for 2026/27:
There is no central system – you apply directly to the faculty or institution. Write to the international office first, because deadlines and requirements vary from faculty to faculty.
Deadlines: applications for bachelor's programmes open in June, for master's and doctoral programmes in September or October. If you need a visa for Serbia, start early: you can only apply for the long-stay visa once you have been accepted (see: Residence and formalities).
For a bachelor's programme you need a certificate of completion of a four-year secondary school and a pass in the entrance exam. You usually submit:
Your secondary school leaving certificate has to be recognised by the Serbian ENIC/NARIC centre at the Ministry of Education. This usually takes up to 60 days from the date you submit a complete set of documents, so start early.
For a master's programme you need a bachelor's degree: 240 ECTS for a one-year master's, 180 ECTS for a two-year one. A foreign degree is recognised by the institution itself. Once accepted, you enrol formally and pay the tuition fee.
You apply directly to the university or faculty of your choice – each sets its own requirements and deadlines. You can also apply online through portalvs.sk.
A school leaving certificate from abroad must be recognised in Slovakia. You apply for recognition of your secondary school certificate to the Ministry of Education (minedu.sk), online or by post. Also ask the faculty which documents it needs from applicants with a foreign certificate.
If you come from outside the EU, apply early: you need your admission letter to apply for temporary residence (see: Residence and formalities).
EU citizens apply under the same conditions as Slovenians – in the call for Slovenian citizens. You apply online through the eVŠ portal. Every academic year has a call for enrolment (razpis za vpis), in which institutions publish their conditions, the number of places and the selection criteria if places are limited.
Deadlines in the call for 2026/27 (published at the end of February 2026):
Expect the call for 2027/28 around the same time. Calls for master's programmes usually come out in March or at the beginning of June, and for doctoral programmes at the beginning of March at the latest.
Students from outside the EU apply for the places reserved for foreign nationals – also through eVŠ, but under their own quota and conditions, so read the call carefully. Apply as early as you can: you need proof of enrolment for your residence permit, and Study in Slovenia advises applying for the permit 3–6 months before you arrive (see: Residence and formalities).
A foreign school leaving certificate must go through a recognition procedure before admission – start it in good time.
You usually apply directly to the university; in some regions you apply through a joint regional system (preinscripción).
If your secondary school leaving certificate is from an EU country (or from a country that has an agreement with Spain), you don't need homologation – it is treated like the Spanish Bachillerato. What you do need is UNEDasiss accreditation – a document that converts your grades to the Spanish scale. In the 2026 cycle you could apply for accreditation online from 4 February to 1 December.
If your certificate is from another country, you first have to apply to the Ministry of Education for homologation – official recognition of your certificate as equivalent to the Spanish Bachillerato. While your application is being processed, UNEDasiss can give you provisional accreditation, as long as your university accepts it. It becomes final once you hand in the homologation.
Deadline for public universities: UNEDasiss states that for 2026/27 international applicants had to apply by 7 July 2026. Most public universities close preinscripción in early July, but some have different deadlines – check the website of your chosen university. If you need a visa, start early: you have to apply at least two months before your studies begin (see: Residence and formalities).
For a master's degree you apply directly to the university with your bachelor's degree. You only need to have a foreign degree homologated by the ministry if you want to work in a regulated profession in Spain.
Admission is central and fully online. You apply for programmes taught in English through universityadmissions.se and for programmes taught in Swedish through antagning.se.
Deadlines for the 2027 autumn semester (example: Karolinska Institutet):
For a bachelor's programme you need a completed upper secondary education, English at the level of the Swedish course English 6 and mathematics equivalent to the course Matematik 1. Many programmes have additional subject requirements.
You upload your secondary school leaving certificate and transcripts in the original language, together with an official translation into Swedish or English – universityadmissions.se lists what is needed for each country. EU/EEA and Swiss citizens also upload proof of citizenship – that way you don't pay the application fee.
There is no central admission system – each institution sets its own rules and deadlines, and you apply directly to it.
For a bachelor's programme you need a school leaving certificate that the institution recognises as equivalent to the Swiss Matura. The requirements for certificates from each country (subjects, grades) are published by swissuniversities – check the section for your country before you choose your final-year subjects.
Sample deadlines – University of Zurich (for applicants with a foreign school leaving certificate):
Other institutions have their own deadlines – check them on the website of your chosen institution.
If you come from outside the EU/EFTA, apply early: you need your admission letter for the visa application, and a visa takes at least 8 weeks to be issued (see: Residence and formalities).
There is no single admission system for international students – you apply directly to the university of your choice, usually through its online form. Study in Europe describes it in five steps:
Each university decides which certificates and exams it accepts and sets its own deadlines. Example: METU (ODTÜ) in Ankara accepts a range of national secondary school leaving certificates, each with its own minimum grade – check the list for your country. The application fee there is USD 55. Apply early: after admission you still need a student visa, and that can take time (see: Residence and formalities).
Another route is Türkiye Bursları. Applications are accepted every year from 10 January to 20 February, and the scholarship includes placement at a university and on a programme (see: Scholarships).
For undergraduate programmes you apply through UCAS (ucas.com). In one application you choose up to five courses – at the same university or at different ones. For medicine, dentistry and veterinary science you can choose no more than four. An application in the 2027 cycle costs £34.50.
Deadlines for the academic year 2027/28:
With your application you send a personal statement – since the 2026 cycle it consists of answers to three questions (why this course, how your education has prepared you, what you have done outside school), up to 4,000 characters in total including spaces, with at least 350 for each question. You also need a reference from someone outside your family, such as a teacher. Enter the subjects and results of your school leaving exams precisely – without them the university may not be able to make a decision.
Apply early if you need a visa – and almost every international student does. Once you have accepted an offer and met its conditions, the university issues a CAS, which you need to apply for your Student visa (see: Residence and formalities).
Sources: European Commission – Study in Europe (education.ec.europa.eu/study-in-europe), Eurostat, official national study and residence portals and authorities, Eurodesk, enic-naric.net, studentnews.eu. As of September 2026.
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